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-
- PAUDIT2 (v1.35 Nov 1992)
- (Written by Wolfgang Schreiber, WSCHREIB @ NOVELL)
-
-
- Purpose:
- Use PAUDIT2 to view the system accounting records (NET$ACCT.DAT).
-
- While NetWare's PAUDIT only allows a global view of accounting data,
- PAUDIT2 gives a more comfortable compact overview and additionally
- allows searching for specific information.
-
- Some advantages of PAUDIT2:
- - several criteria to select data from the audit file
- - higher speed, only 10% of PAUDIT's Network load
- - selectable input file
- - read/recover damaged NET$ACCT.DAT
- - optional data base formatted or Btrieve output
-
- General information:
- If you have NetWare 2.1x / 2.2x / 3.xx you should have accounting
- installed. If you have it installed NetWare will put notes about
- all logins and logouts into the file SYS:SYSTEM\NET$ACCT.DAT.
- This allows you to implement a higher level of security on your system.
-
- If you charge users for any service, charge and activity records will
- also be stored in the accounting file.
-
- The accounting file will grow depending on the activities on your network.
- It is a good idea, to store this file to a floppy and delete it every
- now and then (perhaps once a month) to keep it within reasonable size.
- NetWare will automatically create a new NET$ACCT.DAT.
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Command Format: PAUDIT2 [option list]
-
- "PAUDIT2" without any options shows all available information.
- "PAUDIT2 ?" gives a syntax overview
-
-
- Available options (most options can be combined):
-
- A[fter]=<dd.mm.yy> Show only events on or after date
- Be[fore]=<dd.mm.yy> Show only events on or before date
- Bt[rieve][=name] Output to Btrieve file (only in PAUDIT2 v1.31)
- C[harges] Display charges only
- Da[tabase] Output in data base style
- DefU[ser] List default users per PC
- DefPC List default PC address per user
- Di[sk] Disk access and charges
- F[ile]=<filename> Input from specified file
- G[roup]=[!]<groupname> Select/Exclude only group members
- I[ntruder] Intruder lockouts
- L[ogin] Select only login notes
- M[ap]=<username> Semi-graphic user info
- Ne[twork]=[!]<address> Select/Exclude Network
- No[de]=[!]<address> Select/Exclude Station
- R[ebuild] Rebuild Accounting File
- S[ervername] Output with Server Name
- Un[usual] Unusual events, security analysis
- Us[er]=[!]<username> Select/Exclude specified user
- W[arning] Important messages (time changes / intruders)
-
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
- New features / Program history:
- v1.34b (Nov 92)
- - bug fix: the 'GR=<groupname>' did not work correctly
- - optional Btrieve output is included by default
-
- v1.34 (Oct 92)
- - allow selection AND exclusion for the options '/User', '/Group',
- '/Node', and '/NetWork'.
- - the option '/Repair' is replaced by a more powerful option '/Rebuild'.
-
- v1.33 (Jul 92)
- - temporarily close the file NET$ACCT.DAT while waiting for user input.
- This is a workaround to fix a NetWare bug (NetWare does not allow
- read access to NET$ACCT.DAT while it adds new records).
- - no blanks between fields in database formatted output
- - fix for incorrect operation of the '/Node' option
-
- v1.32 (Jul 92)
- - bug fix with the '/MAP' option
- - '/Database' now has record type 91 for general charges,
- 92 for disk storage charges
-
- v1.31 (Jan 92)
- - Optional output to Btrieve files (feature available on request)
-
- v1.30 (Jan 92)
- - Multiple options can be combined
- - New option 'UNUSUAL' (security analysis)
- - New options 'DefPC' and 'DefUser' (usage analysis)
- - New options 'Before'/'After' replace the previous option 'Date'
- - New features of option 'INTRUDER'
- - Higher performance
- - Show current search position during search
- - Shareable access does not lock NET$ACCT.DAT
- - bug fix: Accept user/group names with > 16 chars on command line
- - bug fix: Repair for large accounting files
-
- v1.20 (Sept 91)
- - Output can be formatted for other data base applications
-
- v1.14 (June 91)
- - Allows specification of input file (other than NET$ACCT.DAT)
-
- v1.13 (May 91)
- - Faster scanning of NET$ACCT.DAT with about 90% less network load
- compared to Novell's PAUDIT.EXE
- - Fault tolerant scanning skips bad parts of NET$ACCT.DAT
- - New option 'REPAIR' allows to repair a bad NET$ACCT.DAT
-
- v1.12 (April 91)
- - New options 'GROUP=<name>' and 'CHARGE=<name>'
- - Computation of cumulated charges
- - Built-in self test for virus infection
- - Easier output redirection
-
-
- Usage:
- To start PAUDIT2 one must be logged in to the specified file server.
- You may start PAUDIT2 from any drive on the target server.
- You do not need a drive mapping to SYS:SYSTEM, but you need
- Open and Read rights in that directory ([RF] for NW 386).
-
- Output will pause after each screen display (only if not redirected).
-
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Available Options:
-
- <no option> Show all accounting information
- Syntax: PAUDIT2
- Example: PAUDIT2
-
-
- After Select audits from specified date or later
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 A[fter]=<dd.mm.yy> (Leading zeros may be omitted)
- Examples: PAUDIT2 After=31.8.91
- PAUDIT2 Group=Students After=31.8.91
-
- Before Select audits from specified date or earlier
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Be[fore]=<dd.mm.yy> (Leading zeros may be omitted)
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Bef=31.8.91
- PAUDIT2 Bef=31.8.91 User=WSchreib Warn
-
-
- Btrieve Output to Btrieve file (not implemented in all versions)
- Purpose: Using this switch will cause PAUDIT2 to output its data
- into the specified btrieve file.
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Bt[[rieve]=<name>]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 us=WSCHREIB Btrieve
- PAUDIT2 us=WSCHREIB Bt=WS.btr After=31.1.91
-
- If no Btrieve file name is specified, the default name PAUDIT2.BTR
- will be assumed.
-
- This switch is not yet fully implemented.
- Please inform me if Btrieve support should be enhanced.
-
- The record structure for the resulting Btrieve file is:
- RecType : Word;
- Date : Date;
- Time : Time;
- ccode : Byte;
- FS_ID : LongInt;
- CL_ID : LongInt;
- SrvType : WORD;
- CmtType : WORD;
- Charge : LongInt;
- Comment : Array[1..20] of BYTE
-
-
- Charge Show charge audits for users or groups
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Ch[arge]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Charge
- PAUDIT2 Ch User=guest
- PAUDIT2 Group=sales Charge
-
-
- Database Output in database format
- Purpose: Use this switch if you want to prepare PAUDIT2's output
- for export into other data base with selectable field
- delimiters and separators.
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Da[tabase]
- Example: PAUDIT2 us=WSCHREIB Datab > WS.EXP
-
- Every PAUDIT2 option can be followed by the data base switch.
- Default field delimiter: "
- Default field separator: ,
- The result will look like:
- "3", "08-20-1991", "09:55:01", "WSCHREIB", "49211B00:00001B040A63"
- "4", "08-20-1991", "10:57:06", "WSCHREIB", "49211B00:00001B040A63"
-
- Other delimiters can be selected with the environment variable DEL:
- e.g.: SET DEL=' or SET DEL=NUL (will result in no delimiters)
- Other separators can be selected with the environment variable SEP:
- e.g.: SET SEP=; or SET SEP=TAB (Tabs as separators)
-
- The first value of each record represents the type of record (type of
- accounting comment) in the accounting log:
- 1: Connect time, requests, reads and writes
- 2: Disk storage
- 3: Login
- 4: Logout
- 5: Intruder lockout
- 6: Server time change
- 99: Charges / comments
-
-
- DefPC List all users and their preferred PC addresses
- Purpose: Create a list of users with their usual node addresses
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 DefPC
- Example: PAUDIT2 DefPC
-
-
- DefUser List all PCs addresses and their normal user
- Purpose: Create a list of nodes with their default user
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 DefU[ser]
- Example: PAUDIT2 DefUser
-
-
- Disk Show disk access charges
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Di[sk]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Disk
- PAUDIT2 User=WSCHREIB Before=31.12.90 Disk
-
-
- File Use alternate input file
- Purpose: Analyse specified file instead of the current accounting file
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 F[ile]=<name> (Default is SYS:SYSTEM\NET$ACCT.DAT)
- Example: PAUDIT2 us=WSCHREIB File=F:NET$ACCT.OLD
-
-
- Group Show audits for members of specified group
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Gr[oup]=<groupname>
- Examples: PAUDIT2 GR=wp_user
- PAUDIT2 GR=wp_user Warning After=1.1.92
- PAUDIT2 GR=!wp_user (Exclude group members)
-
-
- Intruder Show intruder lockout messages
- Purpose: Try to locate and identify intruders
- (Cannot be combined with other options)
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 In[truder]
- Example: PAUDIT2 Intr
-
-
- Login Show only logins
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Lo[gin]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Log
- PAUDIT2 Login Node=ABC Gr=Students
-
-
- Map Show audits for one user in semi-graphic mode
- Purpose: Create semi-graphical usage analysis for specified user
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 MAP=<username>
- Examples: PAUDIT2 MAP=guest
- PAUDIT2 Map=Guest Net=123 before=31.12.1990
-
-
- Network Show all audits for specified network address
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Ne[twork]=<net_address>
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Net=A123 (Leading zeros may be omitted)
- PAUDIT2 Net=10ABC User=WSCHREIB Warn
- PAUDIT2 Net=!ABC (Exclude network ABC)
-
-
- Rebuild Repair damaged NET$ACCT.DAT file
- Purpose: Correct errors in accounting file
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Re[build]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Rebuild (repair complete file)
- PAUDIT2 U=!GUEST /Rebuild (filter GUEST from audit file)
-
- The original NET$ACCT.DAT will NOT be modified. A repaired copy of
- NET$ACCT.DAT with the name 'NET$ACCT.NEW' will be placed to your
- current drive, instead. You should copy this file to SYS:SYSTEM as
- 'NET$ACCT.DAT' after saving the damaged original.
-
- Rebuild can also be used to create subsets of the accounting
- file. The option can be combined with most of the other options
- to create subsets of accounting files with selected data, only.
-
-
- ServerName Output with preceeding server name
- Purpose: Allow easier identification of data base information
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 S[erverName]
- This option is primarily useful in combination with the data base
- option if it is desired to include the server name for documentation.
- Example: PAUDIT2 User=WSCHREIB Servername Database
-
-
- Node Show all audits of specified physical station
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 No[de]=<station_address>
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Node=EC004B (Leading zeros may be omitted)
- PAUDIT2 Node=2 After=1.1.92
- PAUDIT2 Node=!2 (Exclude node 2)
-
-
- Unusual Show users on unusual workstations
- Purpose: Tries to identify intruders and users who login on unusual
- node addresses
- (Cannot be combined with other options)
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Un[usual]
- Example: PAUDIT2 Unusual
-
- Display all incidents where users login or try to login from PCs
- that they normally don't use.
- Identify the owner of PCs that caused intruder detection warnings.
-
-
- User Show audits for one specified user only
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 Us[er]=<username>
- Examples: PAUDIT2 US=supervisor
- PAUDIT2 U=Wschreib Net=123
- PAUDIT2 U=!Wschreib Net=123 (Exclude user WSCHREIB)
-
-
- Warning Show warnings from audit file
- Purpose: Show security relevant audits (time changes/intruder)
- Syntax: PAUDIT2 WA[rning]
- Examples: PAUDIT2 Warn
- PAUDIT2 US=supervisor Warn
-
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
- Restrictions:
- - Some options cannot be combined with others:
- 'Repair', 'DefPC', 'DefUser', 'Unusual'
- - Some useless combinations are prohibited
- - Btrieve output is available only on request
-
- ---------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
- Error Messages / Troubleshooting:
-
- - 'Btrieve requester not loaded.'
- To utilize Btrieve file output features of PAUDIT2
- the Btrieve requester must be loaded first.
-
- - 'Could not create ... '
- A new accounting file could not be created. Check rights, drive,
- and name of new file.
-
- - 'Error in ... : offset ...'
- The accounting file was corrupt. Try the option 'REPAIR'
-
- - 'Insufficient Memory'
- Some options (Intruder, DefPC, DefUser, Unusual) nee more memory than
- your PC has. Try removing some resident utilities or use a more
- efficient memory manager.
-
- - 'Invalid Address'
- The address entered was invalid (too short or too long)
-
- - 'Invalid combination of options'
- Some PAUDIT2 options cannot be combined with certain others
-
- - 'Invalid Date'
- Enter the date in European format: Day.Month.Year
-
- - 'Group does not exist'
- A non-existing user was specified on the command line.
-
- - 'PAUDIT2 (...) is damaged or virus infected !'
- PAUDIT2 does not have the expected file size. This might be caused
- by virus infections. Check your system.
-
- - 'Unexpected end of ... '
- The accounting file was corrupt. Try the option 'REPAIR'
-
- - 'User does not exist'
- A non-existing user was specified on the command line.
-
- - 'Waiting to get file access ... '
- The accounting file SYS:SYSTEM\NET$ACCT.DAT is locked by NetWare
- or another application.
-
-
- Public Domain Software written by Dr. Wolfgang Schreiber
-
- --------------------------------------------------------------